OH 43215-6306. If you do not received your tax bill, please call the Treasurer's Office at 330-740-2460. We can check your property's current assessment against similar properties in Richland County and tell you if you've been overassessed. 02/11/22. Home Government Elected Officials Treasurer How to Pay. City of Mansfield, Ohio cannot authorize the use of copyrighted materials contained in linked websites. Any real estate owner can question a property tax valuation. Any revenue impact of that evaluation cannot be a consideration in this calculation. ombudsman@richlandcountysc.gov, document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) Richland County, S.C. | Website by Cyberwoven, Appraised value - Business personal property, Vehicle, Real Estate, Business & Personal Tax, Automobile Registration & Driver's License, Office of Small Business Opportunity (OSBO), Lexington Richland Alcohol and Drug Abuse Control, Central Midlands Regional Transit Authority (CMRTA), Richland Memorial Hospital Board of Trustees, Agendas, Minutes, & Actions - Prior Years, Institutes of Higher Education and SC Works, Elected Officials and Local Municipalities, How to Challenge Your Value or Assessment, Property Appraised by the SC Department of Revenue, Board Meetings - Agendas and Minutes - Prior Years, Discretionary Grant Fund Review Committee. 223 Putnam Street. If you file a complete package with supporting evidence, the county might decide without requiring that you proceed with a formal appeal. The Ohio Department of Taxation provides an online portal that provides county-specific tax information. Receipts are then distributed to associated taxing units via formula. The CLERMONT COUNTY TREASURER'S OFFICE offers taxpayers the opportunity to utilize the "How to Pay" options below for tax payments. Ohio is ranked 863rd of the 3143 counties in the United States, in order of the median amount of property taxes collected. Fees will apply. 2021 property tax bills were due as of November 15, 2021. The City Income Tax Department oversees administration of the . The assessor's office is located in the same building as the Richland County Courthouse, at 50 Park Avenue East. Graphic Links. Along with collections, real estate taxation incorportes two more standard functions: establishing property tax levies and directing appraisals. Select a firm meeting your needs in the directory featuring the best property tax protest companies in Richland County OH. Find Richland County, WI ranch land for sale. The median property tax in Richland County, Ohio is $1,423 per year for a home worth the median value of $112,200. Deadline with Granted Extension: The 15th day of the tenth (10th) month following the end of the taxable year Ashland County, Ohio. Then you have highway construction and different other public transportation needs. Kristy Frost Asst. Steubenville, OH 43952. If the assessment methodology was not adhered to correctly or incorrect comparison properties were used, you may have a strong argument for a reassessment. Appeal firms are motivated to fully investigate your billing, prepare for and go to conferences, uncover mistakes, discover forgotten exemptions, and prepare for any legal action. The mall, built in phases between 1988 and 1989 as Forest Fair Mall, has become noted for its . Use the tools below to estimate your taxes. After the second half collection is closed, Ohio Revised Code Section 5721.03 requires the publication of the list. (419) 222-7852 Fax. To avoid a 10% penalty, your payment must be postmarked no later than the due date of the current tax bill. Office Hours: Your tax notice will give you a time window in which you can hand in your appeal. February 14th (return period January 1 - December 31), Due August 1st (return period May 1st - April 30th), July 31st (return period January 1st through June 30th), July 23rd (return period January 1st through June 30th). Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. As well explain further, estimating real estate, billing and collecting payments, undertaking compliance efforts, and working out discord are all reserved for the county. Find Richland County Tax Records. Tax exemptions particularly have been a fertile sector for adding missing ones and retaining any under scrutiny. One-Call Response Center 24 Hours (803) 929-6000, Agriculture Land Use Application Richland County collects, on average, 1.27% of a property's assessed fair market value as property tax. Payment Processing If you have general questions, you can call the Richland County Courthouse at 419-774-5599. Awarded rights by the state, local governments administer property taxation. Every bill is accessible to all viewers online. Richland County calculates the property tax due based on the fair market value of the home or property in question, as determined by the Richland County Property Tax Assessor. By calling 844-942-3400. Richland County is the one that evaluated the property and it will consider your appeal. If your appeal is denied, you still have the option to re-appeal the decision. Read through the process carefully before completing the documents. These property tax records are excellent sources of information when buying a new property or appealing a recent appraisal. Current Agricultural Use Values Richland County collects, on average, 1.27% of a property's assessed fair market value as property tax. Property Features: - Taxes: $1,225.28 . Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. A major piece of property tax revenues goes toward public schools. Explore how Richland County imposes its real property taxes with this full outline. Appraised value - Motor vehicles Ottawa County Auditor's Office Ohio Department of Taxation Ohio . Counties and cities in addition to thousands of special purpose districts possess taxing authority granted by Ohio law. Ohio laws prescribe new real estate evaluations once in a few years. Your county's property tax assessor will send you a bill detailing the exact amount of property tax you owe every year. For more localized statistics, you can find your county in the Ohio property tax map or county list found on this page. Normal hours of operation for the Huron County Treasurer are as follows: Monday - Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Huron County Auditor. Taxation of real estate must: [1] be equal and uniform, [2] be based on up-to-date market value, [3] have a single appraised value, and [4] be considered taxable except for when specially exempted. Then, a public hearing must be conducted to explain the proposal. Are Real Property Taxes in California Paid in Arrears? Penalties & Interest. Click here for a list of all county auditors throughout Ohio. Your Mansfield city income tax return will now be prepared for you in a few simple steps! While the exact property tax rate you will pay is set by the tax assessor on a property-by-property basis, you can use our Richland County property tax estimator tool to estimate your yearly property tax. If you do not received your tax bill, please call the Treasurer's Office at 330-740-2460. Ohio is ranked 863rd of the 3143 counties in the United States, in order of the median amount of property taxes collected. Generally, a sweeping appraisal technique is employed with that same methodology applied across the board to similar property types. If you have to go to court, you may need help from one of the best property tax attorneys in Richland County OH. Tax-Rates.org provides free access to tax rates, calculators, and more. 2nd quarter - August 14th You can usually deduct 100% of your Richland County property taxes from your taxable income on your Federal Income Tax Return as an itemized deduction. When contacting Richland County about your property taxes, make sure that you are contacting the correct office. The median property tax in Richland County, Ohio is $1,423 per year for a home worth the median value of $112,200. Deduction - Vehicle - High mileage. Find services, schools, and safety information. the due dates are in . Ohio is ranked number twenty two out of the fifty states, in order of the average amount of property taxes collected. The median property tax in Ohio is $1,836.00 per year for a home worth the median value of $134,600.00. The Richland County Tax Assessor is responsible for assessing the fair market value of properties within Richland County and determining the property tax rate that will apply. Most county assessors' offices are located in or near the county courthouse or the local county administration building. The City of Mansfield's Tax Rate is 2%. 660 North Perry Street Suite 204 (second floor of Courthouse) Napoleon, Ohio 43545 *Courthouse is Handicap Accessible There are two major factors that influence the amount of real estate taxes a property owner owes: the value of the property as determined by the Hamilton County Auditor, and tax levies, most of which are decided by the voters. Proceeds from the Richland County Personal Property Tax are used locally to fund school districts, public transport, infrastructure, and other municipal government projects. In order to avoid a late payment penalty, payment must be received or post-marked by the appropriate due date. Refunds Each property is individually t each year, and any improvements or additions made to your property may increase its appraised value. The Treasurer's Office requires that cancellation or changes to debit information be made in writing. Delinquent Taxes The Treasurers Office is the one county office that just about everyone must deal with each year and we will always do our best to earn and maintain your trust by efficient, helpful service. View 917 Richland Dr, Alamo, TX 78516 property records for FREE including property ownership, deeds, mortgages, titles & sales history, current & historic tax assessments, legal, parcel & structure description, land use, zoning & more. 2022 Tax Rate Sheet; Tax Year First Half Due Date Second Half Due Date; 2022 payable 2023: February 17, 2023: June 16, 2023: 2021 payable 2022: February 25, 2022: June 17, 2022: 2020 payable 2021: February 19, 2021: June 18, 2021: 2019 payable 2020 . Counties can also set fixed dates for tax payments. According to the County Commissioners Association of Ohio, 66 percent of county property tax revenues are earmarked for school districts. These penalties apply to real estate, manufactured homes and personal property taxes. Paid Receipts An appraiser from the countys office sets your real estates market value. If under ten acres are devoted exclusively to commercial agricultural use, the farm must produce an average yearly gross income of at least $2,500. Columbia, SC 29204, One-Call Response Center For example, property taxes in Franklin County are due on Jan. 20 and June 20 each year. Taxes of less than $2,000 are paid quarterly. Angie McQuillen County Treasurer. Payments are currently being collected in office, via mail or through a new payment option. Instead, Tax-Rates.org provides property tax statistics based on the taxes owed on millions of properties across Ohio. Appraised value - Motor vehicles. Gilead, OH 43338-1483 2022 Real Estate and 2023 Mobile Home Tax Due Dates 1st Half 2022 Real Estate Taxes due February 10, 2023. Specialist Luke Gliniecki to schedule a tour today to see everything this property has to offer! Property taxes have been in place since 1825 in Ohio and are based on the property's appraised value. What looks like a big appreciation in value may only produce a negligible increase in your tax payment. Marietta, OH 45750. Richland County is ranked 801st of the 3143 counties for property taxes as a percentage of median income. 301 Market Street. That probability is real if considering your propertys worth was probably assigned en masse based on only a few actual appraisals in your community. 02/26/21. 2020 Hampton Street Historical Taxes Due Dates; Date Tax Item Due; 02/25/2022: Real Estate 1st half 2021 tax due: 07/20/2022: Real Estate 2nd half 2021 tax due date: 02/28/2022: Manufactured Home 1st half 2022 tax due date: . Auditor Services. That is higher than the state average (1.41%) and but still below the rate in neighboring Summit County (1.92%). Ohio counties rely on the property tax to sustain governmental services. The official payment due date for these tax bills is February 12, 2021. Tax Year. 2020 Hampton Street 144 North Broadway. Change of address - Mobile Home taxes Due dates for 2023 are: 2023 COLLECTION DATES . Columbia, SC 29211 Even so there is a procedure to appeal the fairness of your tax levy and get it corrected if its in error. Direct Line. Because Richland County uses a complicated formula to determine the property tax owed on any individual property, it's not possible to condense it to a simple tax rate, like you could with an income or sales tax. Jefferson County Courthouse. Expressly stated under the state Constitution, taxing bodies, like your city, have restrictions on raising taxes. These taxes are withheld and submitted by employers of people living in school districts with additional tax levies. Proceeds of the sale first go to pay the property's tax lien, and additional proceeds may be remitted to the original owner. If no further administrative appeals can be made, you can appeal your Richland County tax assessment in court. Tax Due Dates; Real Estate 1st Half: February 10, 2023: Real Estate 2nd Half: June 23, 2023: . While this off-site method makes manageable an otherwise crushing task, it also results in inexact appraisal outcomes. Stay on top of issues affecting your area. Vehicle - Exemption - Military Richland County Property Taxes Range Based on latest data from the US Census Bureau You May Be Charged an Unfair Property Tax Amount Maybe you aren't informed about your tax levy being higher than is warranted by your property's market worth. Lacking thorough home tours and notice of the houses defects, for example serious water damage, those tax cutting opportunities might be missed. MEDINA COUNTY, OHIO - Medina County Treasurer John Burke has announced that 78,031 first half 2020 property tax bills were mailed on January 13th to county property owners. Theoretically, at least total receipts should equal the fund needed for all budgeted projects that year. To sum up, It all adds up!. Our property tax estimates are based on the median property tax levied on similar houses in the Richland County area. To appeal the Richland County property tax, you must contact the Richland County Tax Assessor's Office. The Interest Rate that will be applied to all unpaid income tax, unpaid estimated income tax and unpaid withholding tax will be: TAXPAYERS RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIESmeans the rights provided to taxpayers in sections718.11,718.12, 718.19, 718.23, 718.36, 718.37, 718.38,5717.011, and5717.03of the Ohio Revised Code and any corresponding ordinances of the Municipality, and the responsibilities of taxpayers to file, report, withhold, remit, and pay municipal income tax and otherwise comply with Chapter 718 of the Ohio Revised Code and resolutions, ordinances, and rules adopted by a municipal corporation for the imposition and administration of a municipal income tax. Richland County > Government > Departments > Taxes > Treasurer Treasurer Office of David A. Adams Contact Office Address: 2020 Hampton Street Post Office Box 11947 Columbia, SC 29211 Office Hours: 8:30 am to 5:00 pm Telephone: (803) 576-2250 Fax: (803) 576-2269 E-Mail: treasurer@richlandcountysc.gov Treasurer Adams Receives Statewide Honor Drop Box: During Tax Collection periods a blue drive thru drop box will be available at the alley entrance between the Courthouse and former Bank Building. Office Address: 301 N Main St Ste 203. Real Estate & Mobile Home Tax Due Date. Treasurer Burke noted that the total amount of . It includes professional service businesses and banks. The state depends on property tax revenues significantly. For more localized property tax rates, find your county on the property tax map of Ohio to the left or in the county list below. (Online, Phone, Mail, or Dropbox) Any questions, please contact our office @ 513-732-7254. Richland County Each taxpayer makes five (5) installments per half and then the final bill shows the Half Tax less all prepayments and the balance due. Go. Address: 100 N. Park Ave. Suite 112, Fremont, Ohio 43420 . City of Mansfield, Ohio is not responsible for transmissions users receive from linked websites. The Treasurers Office is responsible for the collection of taxes, maintaining county bank accounts, investment of funds and certain disbursements. The median effective tax rate is somewhat higher than the national average 1.18% compared to 1.07%. But, the time it takes to pursue a protest may not be worthwhile if the value appreciation does not increase your payment very much. Note: It is the taxpayer's responsibility to secure a tax bill. ombudsman@richlandcountysc.gov, document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) Richland County, S.C. | Website by Cyberwoven, Vehicle, Real Estate, Business & Personal Tax, Automobile Registration & Driver's License, Office of Small Business Opportunity (OSBO), Lexington Richland Alcohol and Drug Abuse Control, Central Midlands Regional Transit Authority (CMRTA), Richland Memorial Hospital Board of Trustees, Agendas, Minutes, & Actions - Prior Years, Institutes of Higher Education and SC Works, Elected Officials and Local Municipalities, How to Challenge Your Value or Assessment, Property Appraised by the SC Department of Revenue, Board Meetings - Agendas and Minutes - Prior Years, Discretionary Grant Fund Review Committee. Legal residence applications. Then they calculate the tax rates sufficient to equal those budgeted expenditures. Counties in Ohio collect an average of 1.36% of a property's assesed fair market value as property tax per year. Post Office Box 11947 Large companies in particular employ an unequal appraisal process for tax savings even when appraised values arent as high as current market values. Users must request such authorization from the sponsor of the linked website. . There are no published events in current month. As a result, the new owner will be repaying the seller for the post-closing part of the levy. Jan. 15, 2021. Motor vehicle taxes. The exact property tax levied depends on the county in Ohio the property is located in. Failure to receive a tax bill will not void the 10% penalty for late payment. In the third year following a full appraisal, property values are updated based on local market conditions. Simply follow the screen prompts when accessing this site for the first time: Choose your account type, enter your SSN and and click the Dont have a PIN? link. Yet taxpayers generally get just one combined tax bill from the county. Change of address - Real estate taxes Fees will apply. Youll be more successful if you receive a full copy of the assessment file from the county. First half taxes are due February 10, 2023. Treasurer's Office of Morrow County 48 East High St., Room 4 Mt. Property taxes are deferred for military reservists who are on active duty. Property Tax. As a result, it's not possible to provide a single property tax rate that applies uniformly to all properties in Ohio. The Richland County Assessor is responsible for appraising real estate and assessing a property tax on properties located in Richland County, Ohio. Deduction - Vehicle - Military for Property Tax Payments Due by February 12, 2021. Tax-Rates.org The 2022-2023 Tax Resource, Richland County Assessor's contact information here. Tax Sale Property tax delinquency can result in additional fees and interest, which are also attached to the property title. Legal residence applications Taxpayer has certain recourse if aggrieved by an action or omission of the Tax Administrator, their employee or an employee of the municipal corporation. Another group is organized leisure offerings, including walking trails, and other entertainment areas. Property taxes are managed on a county level by the local tax assessor's office. To qualify for the CAUV, land must meet one of the following requirements during the three years preceding an application for the CAUV: Applications for CAUV must be filed with the county auditor. HOURS OF OPERATION: Our office is open Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. . Richland County Tax Records are documents related to property taxes, employment taxes, taxes on goods and services, and a range of other taxes in Richland County, Ohio. Hospitality Tax Payments Forest Fair Village (formerly Cincinnati Mall, Cincinnati Mills, and Forest Fair Mall) is an abandoned shopping mall in the northern suburbs of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.It is situated on the border between Forest Park and Fairfield, at the junction of Interstate 275 and Winton Road (Exit 39). Fees for conveyances and vendor licenses are also paid in the Treasurer's Office. Based on latest data from the US Census Bureau, If we don't reduce your property taxes, we don't get paid, 2023 Copyrights Direct Tax Loan | All rights reserved, No, I don't want to reduce my property taxes. Real estate tax Real Property tax is one of the oldest taxes in the State of Ohio and is also one of the most stable tax bases, the taxable value of land and buildings. TRUMBULL COUNTY TAX DUE DATES REAL ESTATE TAXES 2022 PAY 2023 1ST HALF DUE FRIDAY, 03/03/2023 2ND HALF DUE FRIDAY, 08/04/2023. . MANUFACTURED HOME TAXES 2023 PAY 2023 . Important 2021 Tax Due Dates for Individuals. In the instance of no savings, you pay nothing! Save time with our convenient online services. In addition, the World . Unpaid property tax can lead to a property tax lien, which remains attached to the property's title and is the responsibility of the current owner of the property. Motor vehicle taxes Annually, our office collects approximately 490,000 tax payments and more than$550 million. P.O. If you need to find out the exact amount of your property tax bill or find other specific information, you can contact the Save time with our convenient online services. If you are required to make estimated tax payments, your . Phone: 740-373-6623. We reserve the right to limit the number of taxpayer clients in the Treasurers office at any one time. Calendar Year Filers: The main functions of the County Treasurer's Office are to collect taxes and disburse them to the appropriate taxing . Washington County. An Ohio.gov website belongs to an official government organization in the State of Ohio. Typically, one of three appraisal approaches (with many modifications) is used to value real estate. The county jurisdictions are listed in 12-39-70. 1600) auditor@co.geauga.oh.us. The 15th day of the fourth month following the close of the entitys tax year. With a total appraised taxable market value determined, a citys budget office can now determine required tax rates. In the event YOU ARE NOT IN OUR SYSTEM it will be necessary to register with the City of Mansfield Income Tax Division BEFORE e-filing. 2nd Half 2022 Real Estate Taxes due July 14, 2023 1st Half 2023 Mobile Home Taxes due March 1, 2023. These rights and responsibilities include, but are not limited to, the following: The municipal corporation shall maintain a Local Board of Tax Review to hear appeals of the taxpayer on assessments issued by the Tax Administrator. 2020 Hampton Street Part rustic natural beauty, part vibrant city scene - Richland County offers something for everyone! View 501 Twitchell Rd, Mansfield, OH 44903 property records for FREE including property ownership, deeds, mortgages, titles & sales history, current & historic tax assessments, legal, parcel & structure description, land use, zoning & more. As required by law, any payment made within 10 days after the due date is subject to a 5% late penalty and any payment made 10 days or more after the due date will have a 10% late penalty. Taxpayers can elect to pay the entirety of their tax bill at the earlier due date. Debt Set-off Is your Richland County property overassessed? Actually, tax rates cant be raised before the public is first alerted to that intent. A state of emergency has been declared for the entire state of Ohio to protect the well-being of Ohio citizens from the dangerous effects of COVID-19. Here's how you know. Citizens have the right under state law to request a public vote should proposed tax hikes exceed established ceilings. Second Half 2021 Real Estate Taxes Are Due Friday, July 8, 2022. The Tax Assessor's office can also provide property tax history or property tax records for a property. A lock or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Newbury and Burton Residents. In case you cant decide whether an appeal is a waste of time or not, hand it to pros to determine whether to appeal. Patricia "Patty" Bartlett, Logan County TreasurerLogan County Courthouse315 Main StreetSterling, CO 80751Telephone: (970) 522-2462Fax: (970)521-4179treasurer@logancountyco.gov8 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. M-F Closed legal holidays. Deduction - Vehicle - Military. Phone. Skip to content Cincinnati: 513.942.7500 If a property owner does not pay the amount due on or before the due date, 10% of all unpaid current taxes is added as a penalty. Our data allows you to compare Richland County's property taxes by median property tax in dollars, median property tax as a percentage of home value, and median property tax as a percentage of the Richland County median household income. How to pay property taxes, https://www.officialpayments.com/pc_template_standard.jsp?JSESSIONID=LX1YLmBZQSCxKsY!-1455084235!-2089259796&body=pc_step2_body.jsp, Property Tax Search Tool Real estate taxes are due once in February and once in July. Competitive tax incentives make Richland County a great place to do business. Other inputs such as age and area were also factored in when assembling these groups by class, which then had market values assigned collectively. We hope you find what you need, but if you dont, please dont hesitate to e-mail your questions to treasurer@richlandcountysc.gov. Typically complete-year property taxes are remitted upfront when the year starts. . Print or MailTax Notices An area list of comparable properties having nearly the same estimated market values is assembled. BILLS WERE MAILED JANUARY 13, 2023 - - - -DUE DATE FEBRUARY 10, 2023. For security purposes, each year youre are required to create a new PIN for your online account even if you have filed with us online previously. Only a thorough re-examination of the entire appraisal process might possibly revise the tax consultants conclusions. In addition, this link will take you to a website that may have different privacy, security, and accessibility policies than the City of Mansfield, Ohio. The Richland County Homestead Exemption can reduce the appraised valuation of a primary residence before calculating the property tax owed, resulting in a lower annual property tax rate for owner-occupied homes. If you have been overassessed, we can help you submit a tax appeal. Transfer - Motor Vehicle - Tag As a property owner, you have the right to appeal the property tax amount you are charged and request a reassessment if you believe that the value determined by the Richland County Tax Assessor's office is incorrect. Due Dates Return and Payment Due Dates Note: If a due date falls on a weekend or holiday, the due date is the next business day. For example, in Cuyahoga County, the first tax installment of the year is due in either December or January, and the second payment is due in either June or July, as determined by the county. Business Property tax is collected by local governments, usually counties . Real estate evaluations are carried out by the county. Appraised value - Business personal property. Taxes are due twice a year. Keywords. Youll be charged a fee based upon any tax savings. Appraised value - Business personal property Mansfield City Income TaxPO Box 577Mansfield, OH 44901(Mansfield Municipal Building 7th Floor), Hours: 7:30 A.M. 4:00 P.MMonday Friday, Phone: 419-755-9711Fax: 419-755-9751E-mail:Income Tax Director, City of Mansfield | 30 North Diamond St. | Mansfield, OH 44902, 2022 Non-Resident Employee Refund Application, Individual Declaration of Estimated Taxes and Quarterly Payments, 2023 Employer Withholding Tax Return Quarterly, 2023 Employer Withholding Tax Return Monthly, 2023 Employer Withholding Tax Return Semi-Monthly, 2022 Employer Withholding Tax Return Quarterly, 2022 Employer Withholding Tax Return Monthly, 2022 Employer Withholding Tax Return Semi-Monthly, 2020 Employer Withholding Tax Return Quarterly, 2020 Employer Withholding Tax Return Monthly, 2020 Employer Withholding Tax Return Semi-Monthly, 2021 Employer Withholding Tax Return Quarterly, 2021 Employer Withholding Tax Return Monthly, 2021 Employer Withholding Tax Return Semi-Monthly. Part rustic natural beauty, part vibrant city scene - Richland County offers something for everyone! Date Listed. If you are dissatisfied with the boards judgement, you may appeal to a state-level board or panel. Ohio is ranked 20th of the 50 states for property taxes as a percentage of median income. Jump to county list . You can use the Ohio property tax map to the left to compare Richland County's property tax to other counties in Ohio. 3.33% in August 2020, 1.67% in December 2020) - Ohio Revised Code 323.121 and 5703.47. E-Mail: treasurer@richlandcountysc.gov, Thank you for visiting our online office. The first half 2021 Real Estate taxes payable in 2023 and 2023 Mobile Home taxes are due on March 10, 2023 and the second half is due August 11, 2023.
Cumberland County Mugshots, Coagulation Of Egg, Articles R